Sum-of-the-Years’ Digits: Definition and How to Calculate

To illustrate SYD depreciation, assume that a service business purchases equipment at a cost of $160,000. This asset is expected to have a useful life of 5 years at which time it will be sold for $10,000. This means that the total amount of depreciation will be $150,000 spread over the equipment’s useful life of 5 years. The depreciation factor – the ratio between the remaining useful life and sum of the years’ digits – is 4/10, 3/10, 2/10, and 1/10 from Year 1 to Year 4, respectively. All these assets have an estimated useful life across which they deteriorate.

We’ll lay out clear steps for calculations and show where this method shines in practical application—the kind of know-how that propels forward-thinking businesses ahead of the curve. When it comes to managing your finances, understanding different financial concepts is crucial. One such concept that can greatly impact your financial planning is Sum-of-the-Years’ Digits. In this blog post, we will provide a comprehensive definition of Sum-of-the-Years’ Digits and guide you through the steps on how to calculate it effectively.

For example, if a machine has a useful life of 10 years, it means we’ll divide that $5,100,000 across those 10 years differently than if it were to last only 5 years. To figure out the depreciation expense of each year, we first need to calculate is the sum of the years digits. Since the useful life of the truck is four years, we need add all numbers that fall between 4 and zero to find the sum. The method is more appropriate than the more commonly-used straight-line depreciation if an asset depreciates more quickly or has greater production ca­pacity in its earlier years than it does as it ages.

  1. To calculate depreciation using this method, take the estimated life of the asset and add the years together.
  2. Knowing the Sum of the Year Digits method helps you spread out an asset’s cost.
  3. Upgrading to a paid membership gives you access to our extensive collection of plug-and-play Templates designed to power your performance—as well as CFI’s full course catalog and accredited Certification Programs.

In the third year, the asset value subject to depreciation would be expensed 3/15 (20%). This would continue until the asset was fully depreciated, having been completely expensed on the income statement and fully depreciated on the balance sheet. Many companies calculate their depreciation expense using an accounting method called accelerated depreciation. In this depreciation scenario, an asset, such as a piece of equipment, has its book value reduced on the balance sheet at a faster rate than a traditional straight-line depreciation method.

How to calculate sum of the years’ digits method of depreciation

Once a company decides on a depreciation method it typically has to stick with that depreciation method going forward for that particular asset. Changing would require a revision of all previously submitted financial statements. Then divide each yearly digit by this sum to find out your decreasing annual depreciation charges—with higher amounts earlier and lower ones later on.

How to Calculate the Sum of Year Digits Depreciation

Instead, the straight-line depreciation method is more suitable if that is the case. Try to apply your knowledge to calculate depreciation under the sum of digits method for an asset acquired mid-way during an accounting period in the multiple-choice question below. The sum of years’ method matches the cost of utilizing an asset and the overall utility of the asset across the economic or useful life of the asset. A major benefit of using this method is that it considers the fact that the asset performance will decline over the years; i.e. the asset is more productive in the early years. Therefore, it is only apt to charge a higher depreciation in the early years and decrease it in later years. The practicality of SYD depreciation over basic methods such as straight-line depreciation is that it assigns a greater percentage of depreciation expenses in the first few years of an asset’s useful life.

Start with a free account to explore 20+ always-free courses and hundreds of finance templates and cheat sheets. Get up to speed on the income statement, balance sheet, cash flow statement and more. There will be 5 entries at the end of each year where the company debits the depreciation expense and credits the accumulated depreciation account. The best examples or scenarios where applying this method is fruitful can be automobiles, computers, mobile phones. A newer model of a car or the latest technological advent can lead to quick obsolescence of these assets. It considers an even amount for depreciation across the fruitful life of an asset.

Applying the Depreciation Formula

In the second full year of the asset’s life, the amount of depreciation will be $40,000 (4/15 of $150,000). In the third full year of the asset’s life, the depreciation will be $30,000 (3/15 of $150,000). The fourth year depreciation will be $20,000 (2/15 of $150,000), and the fifth year will be $10,000 (1/15 of $150,000).

In conclusion, it can be said that the SYD depreciation method is beneficial in allocating the cost of holding onto an asset over its useful life. The Sum of Years Digits (SYD) recognizes the accelerated depreciation of assets. You add up the years of the asset’s life, assign each year a digit, and divide by that sum to find yearly depreciation. In the realm of accounting, depreciation can sometimes feel like a puzzle that’s tough to solve. Businesses large and small often grapple with the challenge of how best to recognize the decreasing value of their assets over time. In the example above, your straight-line depreciation expense would have been $20,000 each year—$100,000 x 1 /5.

Calculate sum of the years’ digits depreciation

The same asset, using straight-line depreciation and zero salvage value, would be depreciated at $5,000 per year for five years ($25,000 ÷ 5) until the asset depreciates to zero value. The same company, with the exact same assets, would appear to be earning different amounts of profit and have assets carried at different values on the balance sheet, depending upon which depreciation method was utilized. While all the methods of depreciation would lead to the same result, the only variation is the time taken for depreciation recognition. The straight-line method may take much longer to calculate the depreciation expense.

Yes, picking a depreciation method affects tax deductions related to business assets’ costs. Calculating the numerator is a key step in the Sum of the Years’ Digits depreciation method. This means if an asset has a five-year useful life, you start with 5 in the first year, then 4 for the second year, and so on until you reach 1. To calculate how much depreciation needs to be charged to each accounting period, we need to see the depreciation expense of each year of the asset (Step 4) that overlaps each accounting period. For example, to calculate the depreciation of an asset with a useful life of 3 years, we will count the remaining useful life of 3 years in year 1, 2 years in year 2, and 1 year in year 3. Use of the method can have an indirect impact on cash flows, since accelerated depreciation can reduce the amount of taxable income, thereby deferring income tax payments into later periods.

For the next year of the asset’s life that ends on 30 September 2022 (Year 2), the remaining useful life will be counted as 3 years. For Years 3 and 4 of the asset, the remaining useful what is cash flow and why is it important life will be counted as 2 and 1, respectively. The remaining useful life is the only value in the SYD depreciation formula that varies from one accounting period to another.

The method facilitates the calculation when the asset performance is at its highest. Under this method, the percentage of depreciation rate for each year is calculated by the years remaining in the useful life divided by the sum of remaining life every year https://www.wave-accounting.net/ throughout the asset’s life. Without this accelerated calculation offered by the sum of the years’ method, the earnings may get distorted. In the later years, when depreciation expenses may not be able to offset the cost of the maintenance and repair.

After you take depreciation in the fifth year, your asset will be worth its salvage value—$30,000. To understand this last step, let’s change the assumptions of the earlier example. Depreciation charges for the first two years of the asset are $45,000 and $30,000 respectively (refer the solution of the example above in case of confusion). Take your learning and productivity to the next level with our Premium Templates. Access and download collection of free Templates to help power your productivity and performance. Master accounting topics that pose a particular challenge to finance professionals.

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